● In terms of the electrical structure, the offshore substation mainly includes power transformers and power distribution devices at all voltage levels (including circuit breakers, disconnectors, voltage and current transformers, etc.), reactive power compensation capacitor devices, overvoltage protection and grounding devices, relay protection devices, local measurement and control equipment, remote microcomputer measurement and control systems, busbars and cable facilities, etc.

● Offshore substations have no foundation. To construct an offshore substation, it is necessary to first build a reliable support platform, usually adopting a structure (foundation) similar to that of the support piles of wind turbine generators. Therefore, reducing the floor area occupied by the equipment of the offshore substation is one of the important factors in controlling the cost of the substation, which can often be achieved by extensively using integrated, modular, and miniaturized equipment. For example, GIS equipment is the most typical example. In addition, since the offshore substation is in a harsh environment with high salt mist and high humidity, the insulation and salt mist protection grades of the electrical equipment are required to be higher. A large number of electrical equipment also needs to be sealed to ensure their reliable operation in the harsh environment.